2024年園林大講堂第一期

——DNA sequence data: transition from quantitative genetics to quantitative genomics

報告人：Yousry El-Kassaby 教授

時 間：2024年4月19日（星期五）

下午3:00-5:00

地 點(diǎn)：園林樓101報告廳

主持人：張德強(qiáng)

報告人簡介：

Yousry El-Kassaby 教授，UBC 大學(xué)森林資源管理系主任、聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織高級協(xié)調(diào)員、國際林業(yè)研究組織聯(lián)合會 (IUFRO) 森林遺傳資源委員會協(xié)調(diào)員，加拿大《森林研究》雜志副主編，《國際林業(yè)研究雜志》編委，是當(dāng)今最著名的森林遺傳學(xué)家之一。主要研究領(lǐng)域為森林遺傳學(xué)，涉及種子園基本理論、遺傳多樣性與基因篩選、基因組水平育種與實踐，目前已經(jīng)發(fā)表超400篇研究論文，提出的BWB林木育種策略受到全球同行的廣泛關(guān)注。2010年榮獲國際林聯(lián) (IUFRO) 科學(xué)成就獎，該獎項是國際林業(yè)研究領(lǐng)域最重要的獎項之一。

報告內(nèi)容摘要：

The availability of DNA sequencing has instigated a paradigm shift, ushering in the era of quantitative genomics. Traditional quantitative genetics relies on the average numerator relationship (A-matrix), providing global estimates for mating designs’ half-sib (HS = 0.25) and full-sib (FS = 0.5) family members but overlooking the Mendelian sampling term. This omission hinders the estimation of variation among HS and FS family members. In contrast, DNA sequencing data accurately determines the actual fraction of alleles shared among HS and FS family members, enabling the estimation of their realized genomic pairwise kinship (G-matrix), thus capturing their true similarities and differences. The strength of theG-matrix is facilitated through encompassing both contemporary and ancestral pedigree, a pivotal component for accurately determining the realized pairwise kinship among individuals. Acknowledging theG-matrix role as the cornerstone of subsequent quantitative genomics analyses is crucial, emphasizing the need for its proper formation to ensure accurate determination of genetic parameters. In this context, we will introduce various SNP selection protocols to showcase the benefits of incorporating the "best" SNPs in theG-matrix formation. Furthermore, we will compare the impact of SNP selection on variance components inferences and theoretical accuracy of breeding values in two species, one with a large (white spruce) and the other with a small (Eucalyptus) genome.